Although memory and memorization are inseparable, they are not the same. Conceptually, memory is an intellectual activity, presented as a process or series of processes, dynamic in nature. In contrast, memorization is a specific ability displayed during memory activities. This includes various skills such as identifying, analyzing, processing, abstracting, comparing, generalizing, storing, and reproducing information.

Memory and forgetting are closely linked. Forgetting begins immediately after learning, and the process is not uniform. Initially, forgetting occurs rapidly, but it gradually slows down over time.

Types of Memory

Short-term memory

Short-term memory stores information in the mind for about 5 seconds to 20 minutes, with a limited storage capacity, typically around 7±2 memory units.

Long-term memory

Long-term memory refers to information that has been deeply processed and stored in the mind for an extended period. It encompasses an individual's knowledge and experiences, which can be maintained for a long time, even a lifetime.

The 3 Stages of Memory

1. Encoding: This is the process of acquiring and encoding information through the perception and recognition of objective things, leaving an image in the mind. It is the beginning of memory and the foundation for retention.

2. Storage: This refers to the process by which memorized material and acquired information are stored and consolidated in the mind. It is a dynamic process.

3. Recognition & Reproduction: Both recognition and reproduction are processes of extracting information stored in long-term memory. Recognition refers to the mental process where something experienced in the past is identified when it reappears. Reproduction is the process where past experiences reappear in the mind due to other stimuli, even when the original stimulus is not present.

How to improve memory

Repetition:

Repetition is key to consolidating memory. When we are repeatedly exposed to a piece of information, the brain converts it into long-term memory.

Associative mnemonics:

Associative mnemonics is a memory technique that links new information to what we already know. By connecting new knowledge with existing knowledge, it becomes easier to store it in the brain.

Multisensory mnemonics:

Multisensory mnemonics involves absorbing information through multiple senses, such as sight, hearing, and touch. This approach helps us understand and remember information more effectively.

Proper exercise:

Exercise has been scientifically shown to enhance memory. It improves blood circulation, delivering more oxygen and nutrients to the brain. Additionally, exercise promotes the production and connection of neurons, enhancing overall brain function.

Healthy sleep cycles:

Many people are unaware that during sleep, the brain consolidates most of your memories. In a typical eight-hour cycle, it encodes important memories, discards unnecessary information, and helps process new ideas.

Reducing stress

Reducing stress is crucial as it negatively impacts various cognitive functions. Unnecessary stress can slow reaction times and impair thinking. For example, stress about a work project can lead to negative emotions like frustration, self-doubt, and anxiety. However, emotional stress isn't the sole factor impairing memory. Excessive stress triggers the release of hormones like cortisol, which hinders memory. It also increases mental fatigue, promoting habits that diminish your ability to retain information.